==== 4. Safety ====

Safety is critical when working with CNC machinery. Before using the machine, it is necessary to understand safety and how it relates to using the CNC, including:

  * Your personal safety
  * Maintaining a safe environment for yourself and other users of the space around you
  * Safe operation of the machine
  * What to do in case of an emergency

If you are uncertain about a safety concern, do not hesitate to ask for help. All safety-related questions are valid—if something is unclear or concerning, always seek advice from an instructor or experienced member. It is better to ask questions and ensure clarity than to risk an accident or damage.

**Personal Safety**

  * Always wear personal protective equipment (PPE), including safety glasses, hearing protection, appropriate clothing and closed-toe shoes.
  * Do not wear loose clothing, jewellery, or anything that could be caught in the moving parts of the machine.
  * Tie back long hair to avoid entanglement with the equipment.
  * Never reach towards the tool, spindle, or any moving parts of the machine during operation. Maintain a safe distance in case the machine moves unexpectedly.

**Workspace Safety**

  * Maintain a clean and organized workspace to reduce tripping hazards and prevent accidents.
  * Only one person should operate the CNC machine at a time. Ensure that others are at a safe distance when the machine is in use.
  * Never leave the machine unattended while it is running. Always remain close enough to monitor the operation and stop it if necessary.

**Machine Safety**

  * Inspect the machine before use to ensure that all parts are in good working condition. Report any issues to the instructor or supervisor.
  * Make sure the workpiece is securely clamped before starting the CNC operation. Loose workpieces can cause damage to the machine and pose a safety risk.
  * Keep hands and other body parts away from the cutting area during operation. Use tools to remove chips or debris instead of your hands.
  * Be prepared to use the emergency stop button if something goes wrong during machining.

**Emergency Procedures**

  * Familiarize yourself with the location of emergency stops, fire extinguishers, and first aid kits.
  * In the event of an emergency, immediately stop the machine using the emergency stop button and alert the instructor or supervisor.

**Actions and Outcomes for This Module**

  * **PPE Use**: Understand the required personal protective equipment and consistently use it while operating the CNC machine.
  * **Machine Inspection**: Perform a pre-operation inspection to ensure the machine is safe to use.
  * **Emergency Stop Practice**: Locate and practice using the emergency stop button to be prepared for any issues during operation.
  * **Workpiece Safety**: Practice proper clamping techniques to ensure the workpiece is secure.